So far, we have discussed a number of Lean ideas that can be implemented in an organization. But where do you start? One answer is PDSA (also known as PDCA)

This cycle was created by Walter Shewhart in the late 1930s and gained prominence in the 1980s thanks to Edward Deming. Let’s examine each component in detail.

Plan

Consider the following questions:

  • What do we aim to achieve?
  • What issues need to be addressed?
  • What are our specific goals and objectives?
  • Which processes or systems require change?
  • How will we assess whether our approach is effective?

Do

Next, implement the idea on a small scale. Here are some examples:

  • If you believe an online advertising strategy will outperform current mail-outs, test it with a control group.
  • If a new printer is expected to improve efficiency, trial it in one department.
  • If you anticipate that a new machine will reduce manufacturing defects, evaluate it with one product or production line.

Study (or Check)

Now, analyse the results. Your aim is to identify what worked and what didn’t, while incorporating your insights about the proposed changes.

  • What positive and negative outcomes did we observe?
  • Is the experiment likely to succeed on a larger scale? Why or why not?
  • If it isn’t viable, what adjustments can be made to enhance its effectiveness?

Only after this analysis can you make an informed decision. You may need to revisit earlier stages, or you might be ready to proceed to the next phase.

Act

Now that you have a good understanding of the proposed change, it is time to put your plan into action.

Phase One: Problem Identification

  • Identify apparent problem
  • Seek and analyze the causes
  • Define the real problem

Phase Two: Decision Making

  • Identify alternative solutions
  • Choose the best solution

Phase Three: Planning and Organizing

  • Plan a course of action
  • Implement

Control

The next phase is about continuing and maintaining the work that has been done. This can be done through various control tools, inspections, and evaluations.

Sustain

The last part of the process is to sustain the learning and share it throughout the organization. An overall project success evaluation may be appropriate.

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